1. Effect of solvent on reaction: Studies have shown that in toluene solvent, the epoxidation reaction rate of SBS is faster and the mass fraction of epoxy groups in the product is higher. With the addition of cyclohexane, the reaction rate and the mass fraction of epoxy groups both decrease. The increase in reaction temperature will cause the mass fraction of epoxy groups in toluene/cyclohexane (1:1) solvent to reach a maximum at 60°C and then show a downward trend.

2. Generation of side reactions: Excess acid in the reaction system reacts with epoxy groups in the product to generate open-ring byproducts containing ester groups. Studies have shown that the side reaction rate is fastest in toluene solvent, the most ester groups are generated, and the side reactions are less in cyclohexane solvent.

3. Effect of organic acid: The speed of epoxidation reaction is related to the strength and concentration of the acid. The reaction rate of formic acid is higher than that of formic acid/pure acetic acid and acetic acid.

Conclusion: The epoxidation reaction of SBS is related to the properties of the solvent, the strength and concentration of the acid. The suitable reaction conditions are: SBS solution concentration of 100 g/L, toluene/cyclohexane (1:1) solvent, formic acid/peroxide (molar ratio) = 1, reaction temperature of 60℃, reaction time of 2 hours, and the mass fraction of epoxy groups in the obtained product is 13.0%.

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