A reactive modifier is an additive that can promote the chemical reaction between bitumen and SBS (polystyrene-butadiene-styrene).

During the chemical modification of bitumen, the reactive modifier can react with heteroatoms and active groups in bitumen to crosslink and graft bitumen onto SBS to form SBS-bitumen grafts. These grafts act as surfactants between the SBS phase and the bitumen phase, reducing the surface tension between SBS and bitumen and the free energy of the system, promoting better compatibility between SBS and bitumen, and making SBS-modified bitumen form a more stable system.

Through infrared spectroscopy analysis, it can be observed that after the addition of reactive modifiers, the absorption peaks in bitumen have changed to a certain extent. In particular, the C=C on the polybutadiene segment of SBS has changed, and the relative intensity of the absorption peak has weakened. This shows that in the process of chemical modification of bitumen, it is mainly the double bonds in the polybutadiene segment of SBS that participate in the chemical reaction. However, not all SBS participate in the chemical reaction, only some SBS undergo chemical reactions.

This is the expected result because if all the SBS participates in the reaction, the modified bitumen will be over-crosslinked and lose the rheological properties of the bitumen, resulting in increased brittleness and reduced low-temperature ductility of the modified bitumen, which is not conducive to the modification of bitumen.

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